Inflation
Inflation is the silent tax on cash. Understanding it changes how you think about every 'safe' euro on deposit.
Nominal vs real return
Your bank account might pay 1% while inflation runs at 3%. The nominal return is +1%; the real return is -2%. Purchasing power is what matters.
What has historically kept up
Broad equity indices, well-selected real estate, and some commodities have historically outpaced inflation over long horizons. Cash and long-duration bonds have often lost ground.
Alternative yield sources
Trading-based yield programmes are not an inflation hedge in the classical sense, but a yield well above the current inflation rate does preserve purchasing power if the strategy delivers — subject to the risks that come with speculative products.